BTF @ LNF

BTF @ LNF DAFNE Beam Test Facility (BTF).

From single up to 1010 e-/e+ and γ

B. Buonomo, G. Mazzitelli, L. Quintieri, P. Valente and many users who help us developing diagnostic and improving the facility G. Mazzitelli – Channeling 2009, Erice, Italy

The DAΦNE BTF

BTF

high current Linac:   1 - 500 mA e- 200 mA e+,   1 - 10 ns pulses, at least 107 particles The BTF is a e-/e+ test-beam facility in the Frascati DAΦNE collider complex Need to attenuate the primary beam:   Single particle regime is ideal for detector testing purposes   Allows to tune the beam intensity   Allows to tune the beam energy G. Mazzitelli – Channeling 2009, Erice, Italy

BTF layout

control room

5.5 m 4m

Hall

LINAC tunnel

momentum analyzer

main ring G. Mazzitelli – Channeling 2009, Erice, Italy

BTF Hall

LINAC beam attenuation

0 1e-

103 102

2e-

3e-

detector

10 1

LINAC Beam 1-500 mA

0 100

300

500

tunable Cu target: 1.7, 2.0, 2.3 X0

450 magnet

N. of particles

W slits

Selected energy (MeV) G. Mazzitelli – Channeling 2009, Erice, Italy

BTF beam characteristic Beam (e- or e+) intensity can be adjusted by means of the energy dispersion and collimators, down to single particle per pulses

Number

(particles/pulse)

1÷105

1÷1010

Energy (MeV)

25-500

25÷750

Repetition rate (Hz)

20-50

50

Pulse Duration (ns)

10

1 or 10

p resolution

1%

Spot size (mm)

σx,y ≈ 2 (single particle) up to 10*10 (high multiplicity)

Divergence (mmrad)

σ’x,y ≈ 2 (single particle) up to 10 (high multiplicity)

Multi-purpose facility: •  H.E. detector calibration and setup •  Low energy calorimetry & resolution •  Low energy electromagnetic interaction studies •  High multiplicity efficiency •  Detectors aging and efficiency •  Beam diagnostics G. Mazzitelli – Channeling 2009, Erice, Italy

BTF Operation … The BTF in in operation since 2003 beam is delivered 24 h/day with an efficiency of 96% but when parassiting DAFNE main operation the duty cycle was degraded ~ 45% due to continuous injection into the main ring. In 2006 a fast pulsed power supply has been installed increasing the duty cycle up ~ 90%. 2006-2007 DAFNE run users requests beam request in last 4 years (multi users are counted twice) 2007 - 224 days 2006 - 244 days 2005 - 364 days 2004 - 282 days 2008 - 124 days up to end of June G. Mazzitelli – Channeling 2009, Erice, Italy

DAFNE-L

Present RUN

148 days allocated over 175 of operation, typical real access 80-90% of allocated time G. Mazzitelli – Channeling 2009, Erice, Italy

Equipment: infrastructure •  one meeting room (WiFi) •  one guest office (LAN-WiFi)

Control room: Pc’s, Controls console, printer cabling, crate and racks, etc

5.5 m 4m

main entrance: radioprotection wall can be removed on demand

Linac tunnel G. Mazzitelli – Channeling 2009, Erice, Italy

Equipment: infrastructure   permanent DAQ TDC/QDC/ADC/scaler/disc. available   NIM, VME, CAMAC Branch, VME controllers   ‘Devil’/VMIC VME and CAMAC controller, NIM modules   Remotely controlled trolley   Gas system   HV system…   crates, rack, etc. C 2H 6 C4H10 CO2 Noble Gas

  HV SY2527 (3/4KV neg, 3/4KV pos, 15KV pos)   40 ch. CAEN SY127 pos.   Cabling BTF HALL-BTF CR   Network: Wi-Fi, dedicated-LAN, WAN, printer http://www.lnf.infn.it/acceleratori/btf/ G. Mazzitelli – Channeling 2009, Erice, Italy

Equipment: Diagnostics low multiplicity diagnostic (1-100): •  •  •  •  •  •  •  • 

(back detector) lead glass, 5 5 35 - 10×10 35 cm PbWO4 crystal 3*3*11 cm lead/scintillator fibers (KLOE type), 25 50 30 cm 2×2 mm spot size in NaI high resolution 30 30 cm fiber hodoscope (front/trigger detector/not destructive/tracking) multipurpose plastic scintillators 10x10x0.5 cm, 10x30x0.5 cm, 1x15x0,5 cm hodoscope; two bundle of 1 mm fiber for a total active area of 48x48 mm2 Silicon tracker (high gain) 2×2 mm spot size in Silicon XY chamber 3GEM (Gas Electron Multiplier) detector

G. Mazzitelli – Channeling 2009, Erice, Italy

Calorimetric counting number of produced electrons counted by total energy deposited in lead/scintillating fiber calorimeter (KLOE type):

50 MeV limited to few tens of MeV, due to energy resolution limited to few tens of particles, due to saturation effects

calorimetric is OK at low intensity, not for high multiplicity beams: e.g. the AIRFLY experiment, designed to measure absolute fluorescence yield in air and its energy dependence, needs:   full energy range   maximum beam intensity G. Mazzitelli – Channeling 2009, Erice, Italy

Beam profile (AGILE Si tracker) 2 layers (x,y) × 384 strips, analog readout 410 µm thick, single-side, AC coupled strips, 121 µm pitch, 242 µm readout pitch

Optimal focusing at 493 MeV, measured spot size: σ ≈ 2 × 2 mm2

Defocused Beam spot measured with all transfer line quadrupoles off: 55×35 mm2, limited by vacuum pipe section


Sci-fi profile detector   A permanent beam position and size monitor needed, both for beam steering and optimization purposes, and for providing useful information for detector testing, complementing the beam intensity monitors   Such a position sensitive detector should have:   negligible mass, not to spoil beam characteristics (energy, divergence, spot size)   good resolution, as compared to beam typical size (1 mm required)   sensitivity both for single particle (even at low energy) and at high beam intensity

  4 layers of fibers glued together cladded scintillating fibers, Pol.Hi.Tech type 0046, 1 mm diameter

  staggered by ½ fiber to minimize dead zones


Sci-fi profile detector

energy dependence of the beam spot size H size (mm)

  Charge weighted profiles for x and y fiber bundles

y (mm)

E (MeV)

x (mm)


Consistent with beam image from Silicon tracker

Examples of experimental setup (P326 Prototype inefficiency 200 MeV)

energy spectrum inefficiency VS threshold - no tagging - tagging - tagging loose


- FC max - N/Ntot - FC min

Example of experimental setup (MEG) beam exit sci-fi profile detector detector (MEG test for sci time resolution) back detector (NaI calorimeter) on line monitor e- spectra

XY beam sci-profile G. Mazzitelli – Channeling 2009, Erice, Italy

BTF photon tagged source AGILE GRID photon calibration The AGILE Gamma Ray Imaging Detector calibration at BTF is aimed at obtaining detailed data on all possible geometries and conditions. BTF can provide data in the most significant spectrometer energy region (20-700 MeV) silicon detector

silicon tagging target Be window


AGILE GRID

γ tagging @ BTF position and direction of the in-coming electrons


γ tagging @ BTF position and momentum of the out-coming electrons


Equipment: Diagnostics (con’t) •  medium multiplicity diagnostic (100-108): (front detector/not destructive) •  Cerenkov light emission •  Silicon Beam Chamber (low and tunable gain) •  Triple GEM TPC (under development)

•  high multiplicity diagnostic (107-1010): (front detector) •  low noise (3 106 particles) BCM •  high sensitivity fluorescence flags – cromox, Be, yag:ce


Cerenkov beam monitor detector, designed and built, in collaboration with the AIRFLY group, based on Cerenkov light emission   Cross-calibrated with calorimetric measurement at low particle multiplicity   Used to monitor beam intensity at higher intensity up 104÷105 particles, in the full energy range filter

dynamical range can be further extended:   calibrated optical filter in front of the PMT   use air as Cerenkov radiator detector tested up to 1010 particles with a cross calibration with BCM 45o mirror Plexiglas radiator G. Mazzitelli – Channeling 2009, Erice, Italy

PMT

Calorimeter

No optical filter

Calorimeter

Cerenkov/Calorimeter ratio

:10 optical filter (measured attenuation = 0.096) Calorimeter

Calorimeter/Cerenkov calibration

Cerenkov beam monitor

Calorimeter

Cerenkov/Calorimeter ratio


Compact-Triple Projection GEM It’s essentially a small TPC with a 3-4 cm drift Also high current beam can be monitored in position (TDC) and dE/dX (ADC) BTF beam

box cross section

ASDQ or Carioca GEM 16 samples for each readout

The detector will be realized with standard 10x10 cm2 GEMs inside a G10 box; the readout will be realized with - ASDQ (first phase) at CERN for test beam - then Carioca Cards (second phase) at BTF Possible DE/Dx measurements (LVDS width proportional to signal charge) G. Mazzitelli – Channeling 2009, Erice, Italy

Beam profile (FLAG fluorescence target)

Very low current beam image on 1 Inc yag:ce

Flag = metallic high fluorescence plate viewed by a camera Different fluorescence targets(Be, cromox, yag:ce) for very low current beam SIDHHARTA diagnostics



Background attenuation

BOX: W=40 cm; H=50 cm, L=50cm 2.5 cm of DENSIMET-180: (95% W + 0.5 % Fe-Ni) 2.5 cm of 5% BORON Polyethylene

tunable Cu target

High current LINAC beam

n attenuation

γ attenuation

A tungsten box is going to be installed in order to shield the high divergent beam coming from the Cu degrader target – an attenuation of ~ 100 is expected by simulation (FLUKA) G. Mazzitelli – Channeling 2009, Erice, Italy

Application form to access BTF Pasquale Di Nezza - INFN, LNF Flavio Gatti - INFN, Genova Clara Matteuzzi (Chairperson) - INFN, Milano Giovanni Mazzitelli (Responsible) - INFN, LNF Antonio Passeri - INFN, Roma III Paolo Valente - INFN, Roma I Beam Test Facility Secretariat: Annette Donkerlo


Access BTF @ LNF •  [email protected] for scientific and technical question. •  [email protected] for administration problem.

Mailing list INFN scientific CN coordinators INFN group responsible BTF users


General information technical documentation for users and operators is available on the web as well as beam request, shift archive, schedule, documentation, virtual logbook, etc

The BTF was widely used as a TARI facility in the EU 6th Framework Program …and will be involved in the EU 7th Framework Program Thanks for your attention G. Mazzitelli – Channeling 2009, Erice, Italy

BTF @ LNF

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